Linux is gaining traction as an operating system of choice for users who desire customizability and speed for their desktop or laptop computers. A variety of Linux distributions are available, each offering a distinct set of features to meet the individual needs of the user.
Navigating the wide range of Linux distributions can be daunting, so we’ve compiled a list of the top picks to make it easier for you to start your journey into the Linux community.
Top Linux Distros of 2023
Comparison Table
| Distro | Specifications | Use Cases | Important |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu | Based on Debian, uses Gnome Desktop, long-term support, easy to install | General Desktop/Server usage, Cloud Computing, Embedded Systems | Good for general users, popular for cloud computing, large community support |
| Elementary OS | Based on Ubuntu, uses Pantheon Desktop, rolling release | General Desktop usage, Touchscreen devices | Sleek, modern design, excellent user experience |
| Pop!_OS | Based on Ubuntu, uses Gnome Desktop, rolling release | General Desktop usage, Gaming, AI/ML | Optimized for gaming and creative tasks, built-in security features |
| openSUSE | Based on SuSE Linux, uses KDE Desktop, rolling release | General Desktop/Server usage, Cloud Computing | Large selection of software, good for developers |
| Arch Linux | Rolling release, no GUI by default | General Desktop/Server usage, Networking, Embedded Systems | Highly customizable, uses a rolling release model, good for experienced users |
| Linux Mint | Based on Ubuntu, uses Cinnamon Desktop, long-term support | General Desktop usage, Home/Small Office use | Easy to use and setup, large selection of pre-installed software |
| Tails | Based on Debian, uses LXDE Desktop, rolling release | Privacy/Security/Anonymity, Networking, Embedded Systems | Uses a live-boot system, designed for privacy and security |
Interface comparison of all mentioned distros
The user interface of each Linux distribution varies depending on the desktop environment that is used. For example, Ubuntu, Elementary OS, Pop!_OS, and Linux Mint all use the GNOME desktop environment, which provides a graphical user interface (GUI) with a panel bar at the top, an application dock on the left, and a desktop background. OpenSUSE uses the KDE desktop environment, which provides a more traditional desktop layout with a taskbar on the bottom and a start menu on the left. Arch Linux provides a minimalistic user interface with a minimal window manager and no desktop environment. Tails is a live operating system that is designed to be secure and private. It uses the Xfce desktop environment, which provides a lightweight graphical user interface with a panel bar at the top and a desktop background.
1. Ubuntu
System Requirements
- Processor: 64-bit processor
- Memory: 2 GB RAM
- Storage: 20 GB available disk space
- Graphics: 1024×768 screen resolution
Ubuntu, released in 2004 and has undergone regular updates since then, is the most widely-known Linux distribution; its interface is often referred to as the “Linux UI,” and it is included pre-installed on some laptops from HP, Dell, and Acer.
Ubuntu is an excellent choice for those seeking an alternative to Windows or macOS on a device with substantial processing power; it stands on its own merits. Recent iterations of Ubuntu are generally as resource-intensive as Windows, though a streamlined version called Lubuntu is available for less powerful machines.
Ubuntu’s user interface is highly intuitive and user-friendly, making it an ideal choice for novice users. Unlike other Linux distributions, which largely rely on command line usage for many operations, Ubuntu prefers a more accessible approach. Additionally, Ubuntu can be quickly installed with the provided installer to create a bootable USB drive, or alternatively, the Windows Store app can be used to upgrade directly on the system.
For those seeking an alternative to Windows and macOS, Ubuntu is an excellent option.
Advantages:
- Widely used and supported
- Easy-to-use graphical interface
- Regularly updated
- Robust application library
Disadvantages:
- Not optimized for high-performance computing
- Fewer customization options than other distros
2. Elementary OS
System Requirements
- Processor: 64-bit processor
- Memory: 2 GB RAM
- Storage: 10 GB available disk space
- Graphics: 1024×768 screen resolution
Elementary OS is a visually appealing and user-friendly choice among desktop operating systems. Its modern, minimalistic design offers a welcome break from Windows’ cumbersome interface, allowing users to benefit from the latest technologies without sacrificing aesthetics. In contrast to the dated look of other Linux distributions, Elementary OS is positioned as an accessible option for all, drawing inspiration from macOS for those looking to replicate the experience.
Elementary OS Hera provides an efficient application loading system, making installing apps on your device effortless. Its AppCenter is an effective source of applications, surpassing the experience of the Windows Store, in my opinion.
Installing Elementary OS is a relatively stress-free process; compared to the lengthy setup time for Apple and Microsoft operating systems, even on older hardware, Elementary OS can be configured in minimal time. It contains a small selection of pre-installed applications and no bloatware, and you can conveniently acquire any additional programs you need from AppCenter.
Advantages:
- User-friendly graphical interface
- Optimized for speed and performance
- Regularly updated
- Large application library
Disadvantages:
- Not as widely supported as other distros
- Limited customization options
3. Pop!_OS
System Requirments:
- Processor: 64-bit processor
- Memory: 4 GB RAM
- Storage: 20 GB available disk space
- Graphics: 1024×768 screen resolution
In 2017, US developer System 76 released Pop! OS, a version of Ubuntu with additional features tailored to the software development and computer science professional market, that bundles with their high-end laptops and desktops. This OS offers support for a multitude of programming languages and useful programming tools and provides a streamlined window and workspace management engine for the benefit of power users.
Pop!_OS offers preconfigured compatibility for both Nvidia and AMD GPUs, making it an ideal choice for gamers seeking a seamless experience playing the latest titles. If you’re a serious gamer, Pop!_OS is highly recommended.
Users recognize the attractive design of the user interface and praise its streamlined qualities when adopting the GNOME desktop interface. Thanks to System 76’s installation wizard, the process of upgrading to Pop!_OS is made as easy and user-friendly as any mainstream OS install experience.
Pop!_OS is a Linux distribution tailored to the needs of computer science professionals and programmers, yet its user-friendly features, as well as its streamlined installation process, make it an appealing choice for the typical user seeking a sleek and efficient Linux experience.
Advantages:
- Optimized for gaming
- Regularly updated
- Includes the GNOME desktop environment
- Great support for NVIDIA hardware
Disadvantages:
- Not as widely supported as other distros
- Limited customization options
4. openSUSE
System Requirements
- Processor: 64-bit processor
- Memory: 2 GB RAM
- Storage: 20 GB available disk space
- Graphics: 1024×768 screen resolution
openSUSE is designed with software developers and system administrators in mind, as it provides robust security protocols. It offers two versions of the same experience, distinguishing between different levels of updates and stability.
OpenSUSE Leap is an ideal rolling-release build for home computers or work systems, boasting an eight-month release cycle that eliminates the need to upgrade and ensures ongoing support in the event of any issues. This convenient and reliable OS ensures quick performance without sacrificing productivity for frequent updating.
Tumbleweed is the cutting-edge version of openSUSE, designed for developers and system administrators who require a high-performance and up-to-date operating system. As stated on their site:
“If you require the latest software stacks and Integrated Development Environment or need a stable platform closest to bleeding edge Linux, Tumbleweed is the best choice for you.”
The deployment of openSUSE is facilitated by its YaST installation tool, which provides a range of automated services, making it an ideal solution for managing systems and servers. This tool also allows for fine-tuning installations, inspection of modules, and setting up unattended installations.
Advantages:
- Highly customizable
- Regularly updated
- Includes the KDE desktop environment
- Great support for enterprise users
Disadvantages:
- Not as widely used as other distros
- Fewer application options than some other distros
5. Arch Linux
System Requirements
- Processor: 64-bit processor
- Memory: 512 MB RAM
- Storage: 5 GB available disk space
- Graphics: 800×600 screen resolution
Arch Linux follows a philosophy of simplicity, modernity, pragmatism, user centrality, and versatility, making it a desirable choice for hardware aficionados and those who seek complete control over their operating system. This distro is an excellent alternative for those who have felt restricted by Windows or macOS and found Ubuntu-based distros too restrictive.
Installing Arch Linux requires a learning curve, as it necessitates the creation of partitions and filesystems from the command line. It might be intimidating at first, but with the support of the Arch Wiki, you are not alone in getting started with Arch Linux.
Arch Linux is developed and maintained by its dedicated community and follows a rolling release schedule, which provides users with the latest features promptly, making the experience with Arch Linux cutting-edge; however, this frequent updating may make the system less stable and could potentially cause disruptions in service. Nevertheless, this is the essence of the Arch Linux experience.
Arch Linux is designed for those with a DIY mindset and requires a significant amount of time reading documentation, experimenting with command-line fixes, and resolving issues independently. This is not recommended for novices or those who desire a “set and forget” operating system. Despite this, achieving a successful installation of Arch Linux provides users with a unique sense of satisfaction and belonging to a community that embraces its independence from corporate influence and predetermined design values, creating a one-of-a-kind experience. Those looking for this kind of challenge should download Arch Linux, arm themselves with a tub of ice cream, and prepare a bath in case of any mishaps.
Advantages:
- Highly customizable
- Regularly updated
- Perfect for experienced Linux users
- Optimized for speed and performance
Disadvantages:
- Not as user-friendly as other distros
- Limited application library
6. Linux Mint
System Requirements
- Processor: 64-bit processor
- Memory: 1 GB RAM
- Storage: 8 GB available disk space
- Graphics: 800×600 screen resolution
Linux Mint has gained considerable traction, surpassing Ubuntu as the most popular Linux distro around, and for a good cause: it is an ideal choice for newbies transitioning from Windows or macOS, as it comes pre-loaded with the necessary software. Furthermore, it includes LibreOffice productivity suite, Timeshift restore function, and Warpinator file transfer tool. Moreover, Mint has out-of-the-box support for NVIDIA Optimus, making it an excellent fit for high-performance laptops with dedicated graphics, and its driver manager facilitates easy and efficient hardware and peripheral setup.
Mint is tailored to those accustomed to Windows, offering a Start Menu, file manager, and ‘Preferences’ app that will make users feel right at home after a short usage period. On the other hand, Elementary OS is designed to provide a similar experience to those familiar with MacOS.
If you have an antiquated laptop or a low-powered desktop, many versions of Linux Mint feature various desktop environments designed to accommodate older and less powerful hardware. Mint MATE, which requires 20GB of storage and is recommended for 2GB of RAM, is an ideal middle-tier option. For those who need a particularly lightweight system, Linux Mint Xfce is a simple yet efficient choice.
Advantages:
- Highly user-friendly
- Includes the Cinnamon desktop environment
- Regularly updated
- Large application library
Disadvantages:
- Not as customizable as other distros
- Fewer features than other distros
7. Tails
System Requirements
- Processor: 64-bit processor
- Memory: 2 GB RAM
- Storage: 8 GB available disk space
- Graphics: 1024×768 screen resolution
As our ultimate selection, we have the privacy-focused operating system Tails, endorsed by Edward Snowden himself. Tails is a portable OS that can be booted from a USB drive or DVD, allowing you to use it on any device without leaving any traces. It provides strong security for your privacy and anonymity, routing all your web traffic through the Tor network to protect your data from snoopers. Additionally, the system does not store any information on the machine it uses, making it the perfect choice for those concerned about leaving identifying data on their systems.
Despite incorporating various privacy and security measures, the GNOME desktop environment employed by Tails makes it surprisingly user-friendly. Although the installation process is lengthy, those who take privacy seriously will find it beneficial. Tails is supported by notable organizations such as DuckDuckGo, Freedom of the Press Foundation, and Tor itself.
If you are particularly concerned about online surveillance and cyber-attacks, Tails is the perfect choice for you. It is an Operating System that runs and stores all data in RAM, and deletes the same on shutdown, thus providing protection against cold boot attacks. The fact that the National Security Agency considers Tails to be a “major threat” to its surveillance mission is a testament to its effectiveness. If you find this idea appealing, then Tails is the Linux distribution for you.
Advantages:
- High security
- Live operating system
- Regularly updated
- Anonymous browsing
Disadvantages:
- Limited application library
- Not as user-friendly as other distros
Conclusion:
We recommend Ubuntu for users who want an OS that works without complicated installation processes or driver hassles. It’s fast, feature-rich, and provides a great introduction to GNOME desktop interfaces and the Linux way. Those who are professional developers, administrators, or gamers should consider Pop!_OS for speed, customization, and new features. Those who are especially concerned about privacy should look into Tails. Whichever of these distros you choose, you can look forward to an enjoyable experience, and, we are sure, you will never want to switch back to macOS or Windows.
Frequently asked questions
Are there any potential drawbacks or challenges associated with switching to Linux from another operating system?
Lack of specific software: Some software applications are not available for Linux, so you may need to find alternatives or find a way to run the program in Linux with Wine.
Learning curve: Although the user interface of many Linux distributions has been made simpler in recent years, some users may still need to learn new commands and configurations to work with Linux.
Hardware compatibility: Some hardware devices may not work with Linux or may require additional drivers or configuration to work properly.
Limited gaming options: Although some games are available for Linux, the selection is limited compared to Windows and Mac OS.
Cost: Many Linux distributions are free, but you may need to purchase some software or hardware to get everything up and running.
What makes Linux the most valuable operating system?
Linux is a valuable operating system because it is open source, meaning anyone can access the source code and modify it to their own needs. This allows users to customize their operating system to their preferences and make it as efficient and secure as possible. Additionally, Linux is highly secure, stable, and reliable, making it one of the most popular operating systems for servers, networking, and cloud computing. Lastly, Linux is free to use, allowing users to save money on software licenses.
What is the process of creating Linux distributions?
Gather the necessary components: This includes the Linux kernel, the GNU toolchain, libraries, and other essential packages.
Assemble the components: This combines components to create a working Linux system.
Configure the system: This involves customizing the system, including updating and configuring system files, setting up user accounts, and setting up the system to work with hardware and peripherals.
Package the system: This involves creating an installable system package, such as an ISO image, which can be used to install the system on computers.
Test and debug the system: This involves testing the system for any potential issues and resolving them.
Release the system: This involves releasing the system publicly for users to download and install.
What is the dissimilarity between a distribution and an operating system?
A distribution is a type of operating system pre-packaged with a set of applications, libraries, and other tools designed to run on a specific platform. An operating system is the core software that runs a computer, controlling the hardware and providing application services.
What makes Linux more secure than other operating systems?
Linux is considered to be more secure than other operating systems because of its design. Linux has a much smaller attack surface than other operating systems, meaning malicious actors have fewer ways to attack it. Also, Linux is open-source, meaning anyone can view and audit its code, making it more secure than a system with closed-source code. Finally, Linux has a built-in security feature called SELinux, which adds an extra layer of security and helps protect the system from malicious activities.
What is the origin of the term “distro”?
The term “distro” is believed to have originated in the late 1990s within the Linux community. It is a shortened version of “distribution” and is used to describe a version of Linux with its own unique set of features and applications.?
But why there’s no honorable mention about Manjaro OS? It definitely beats others, esp. Manjaro Xfce. And the gaming performance is unbeatable.
Faltou também mencionar os sabores do Ubuntu… E, não menos importante, o Fedora e suas Spins.
Apart from tails and Arch, there are distro for beginners, easy to use but take away the freedom to adapt Linux to your style. In this list only Arch gives you the freedom to build a distro your way.
When did Mint overtake Ubuntu? I like them both, but with so may flavors, I’m sure that Ubuntu is more popular overall.
openSUSE, Arch and TAILS are hardly what one could consider user-accessible versions of Linux; even Fedora should show up on your list higher than those. First choice should be Ubuntu or Mint; other top choices would be Zorin OS and even OpenMandriva. feren OS and KDE neon are also good choices, although with smaller user bases.
They aren’t – that’s the point of this list. There are some great choices for beginners, and then those for enthusiasts. openSUSE, Arch and TAILS are clearly on this list for professionals. That’s what the article says.
It isn’t a ranked list: it’s a collection of choices. Each of them have their different use cases.
Linux Mint surpasses Ubuntu for good reasons. Why it’s not the top choice is pretty baffling, especially since it’s not built by Canonical, a Microsoft wannabe. Like Microsoft, Canonical gets into your life a little too deeply. Mint prevents that from happening…
Very subjective…
I’m really surprised that neither Fedora nor Manjaro made this list, considering some of the native improvements both distros have made over the past 18 months. In my opinion, Tails is such a niche distro (and basically interchangeable with either Parrot or Kali) that it doesn’t it belong on the list at all. Overall though, I think the list is pretty decent.
Red Hat❤️
What would the best distributor to install on a Samsung Chromebook Galaxy 3?
Thanks Mike
Recomendo Linux mint
I am a regular Linux user. I have installed and used as many as 30 linux distros so far. I found that almost all of them take more time to boot than the booting time of Windows. The normal booting time of Windows under HDD is about 2 to 3 minutes, under SSD is 20 seconds. But linux takes much time under both HDD and SSD. I have installed under virtualbox as well as under dual booting. In both cases, linux takes more time than Windows.
Simplesmente fantástico.
Linux na minha opinião é o melhor os
Usa a mais de 15 anos desssssde o kurumim
Aliás q saudades
Mas as distros atuais estão lindas e poderosas.
openSUSE Leap is a conventional release and is not the rolling release build. Tumbleweed is. That should probably be clarified.
Thats because you are using Virtual”Crap”Box. Get yourself VMware Workstation (windows) or VMware Fusion (osx) and then start using that instead.
Ive been able to run VMs for W11, W10, Cerebus. a variety of other Windows editions.
Ive run Linux distros; mint, cinnamon, arch, black arch, red hat, Zorin, MoFo, Kodachi, Sabayon, Thorn and blackbox.
Also have run Qubes, WHOnix, TAILS, AnonOS, TrueOS plus others that im probably forgetting at this point..
But none of them have ever taken more than a minute to boot. I have even ran 2-3 VMs over my main os simultaneously to where thats a total of 4 os’s running at the same time and hardware resources split evenly amongst them.
Even the 2nd and 3rd vm that I booted, didnt take longer than 2 minutes.